Description

Nefiracetam Nootropic Powder

 

 

 

CAS Number	77191-36-7
Other Names	77191-36-7, Translon, DM 9384, DMPPA, Nefiracetamum, Motiva, DM-9384, DZL-221, CCRIS 6729, NSC-759830, BRN 6848330, UNII-1JK12GX30N
IUPAC Name	N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-2-(2-oxopyrrolidin-1-yl)acetamide
Molecular Formula	C₁₄H₁₈N₂O₂
Molecular Weight	246.3
Purity	≥99% Pure (LC-MS)
Liquid Availability	30mL liquid (100mg/mL, 3000mg bottle)
Powder Availability	10 grams
Gel Availability	N/A
Storage	Store in cool dry environment, away from direct sunlight.
Terms	All products are for laboratory developmental research USE ONLY. Products are not for human consumption.

 

Mechanisms of Action of Nefiracetam

Nefiracetam is a nootropic compound of the racetam group. Nefiracetam is derived from another popular nootropic, piracetam. While it is derived from piracetam, nefiracetam is most structurally similar to aniracetam. Both of these compounds are considered fat soluble and are most commonly used for enhancing cognition and improving memory. Like many other racetam compounds, nefiracetam is not usually effective with just one dose. Improved memory formation tends to be observed when nefiracetam is administered for longer than 7 days. Prolonged supplementation of the compound also tends to lead to neurogenesis and assists in facilitating cognitive enhancement.

Currently there are two proposed mechanisms of action for nefiracetam. The first pathway is the prolonged opening of calcium channels. This results in an enhanced receptor signaling that is independent of the synapse. The second pathway is related to the activity of protein kinase C (PKC) and calcium calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII). This pathway leads to the augmentation of cholinergic receptor signaling and results in the release of excitatory neurotransmitters from the presynaptic level. There are benefits to both pathways. For example, the opening of calcium channels is crucial for long term potentiation while the PKC/CaMKII pathway is important for the enhancement of neuronal signaling.

 

Effects of Nefiracetam on Neurotransmission Systems

Nefiracetam has been shown to be capable of regulating the actions of many of the main neurotransmitters in the brain. A multitude of animal-based studies have been conducted examining how the effects of nefiracetam are dependent on cholinergic signaling and acetylcholine (ACh) release. A notable study conducted on rabbits identified improved performance on delayed eye blinking conditions. Researchers Pak et. Al were able to determine that results of this test are dependent on cholinergic signaling in the hippocampus. Since nefiracetam is dependent on the hippocampus in this study, they came to the conclusion that the cognitive enhancing effects of nefiracetam are related to cholinergic signaling.

Additional studies mentioned how the memory improvement effects of nefiracetam seem to depend on ACh signaling in cases of protein synthesis inhibition. Researchers Nabeshima et. Al observed how the effects of nefiracetam can be reversed through administration of scopolamine. This mechanism of action allowed them to hypothesize that the anti-amnesiac effects of nefiracetam could potentially be related to muscarinic acetylcholine receptors. Follow up studies implemented a passive avoidance test for mice where amnesia was induced through the inhibition of protein synthesis. The results of the study found that proper release of ACh proved to be protective against induced amnesia. Nefiracetam can assist in this effort as it has shown potential in preserving ACh levels.

Evidence has noted that nefiracetam seems to activate presynaptic acetylcholine receptors in the hippocampus, resulting in an increase in glutamate release. The enhanced glutaminergic effect leads to more postsynaptic activity as well as the activation of NMDA and AMPA receptors. Because nefiracetam has the ability to increase glutamate release, reports show the nootropic plays a role in improving long term potentiation (LTP). Through the PKC mechanism, low concentrations of the compound enhance LTP that is dependent on NMDA receptors and at high concentrations it enhances LTP dependent on AMPA receptors. Pairing this knowledge with the effects nefiracetam has on the cholinergic system, researchers conclude that the compound effectively recruits both of the major stimulatory neurotransmitters, ACh and glutamate.

Nefiracetam has also shown promise in its ability to regulate functioning of GABA and GABA A receptors. Despite the lack of affinity for the GABA binding sites, reports show that nefiracetam is capable of enhancing the signaling to these receptors when concentrations of GABA are low. When GABA concentrations are high the opposite effect is observed meaning that signaling is suppressed.

Researchers Luthman et. Al discovered that nefiracetam plays a more covert role on the serotonergic system. Their study suggests that doses varying from 10-30 mg/kg of nefiracetam are effective at counteracting the loss of serotonin due to induced ischemia. Additional research has found that in doses ranging from 3-10 mg/kg given 30 minutes after administration of a serotonergic antagonist led to an improvement in performance on various choice recognition tasks.

Similar results were seen when examining the effects of nefiracetam on the dopaminergic system. However, the results varied between studies and benefits were only seen when high doses of the compound were administered. Further research needs to be conducted in order to come to a strong conclusion regarding the relationship between nefiracetam and dopamine levels (https://examine.com/supplements/nefiracetam/research/#RQbokJY-neurology-1_RQbokJY-g-protein-and-calcium-signalling-1).

The nootropics sold by Umbrella Labs are sold for laboratory research only. The description above is not medical advice and is for informative purposes only.

Nefiracetam is sold for laboratory research use only. Terms of sale apply. Not for human consumption, nor medical, veterinary, or household uses. Please familiarize yourself with our Terms & Conditions prior to ordering.

 

 

File Name	View/Download
09-05-2023-Umbrella-Labs-Nefiracetam-Certificate-of-Analysis-COA.pdf

 

 

VIEW CERTIFICATES OF ANALYSIS (COA)

 

Additional information

Options	30mL Liquid 100mg/mL 3000mg bottle, 10 Grams Powder